A unique, well-documented, and forward-thinking work, the second edition of Handbook of Natural Gas Transmission and Processing continues to present a thoroughly updated, authoritative, and comprehensive description of all major aspects of natural gas transmission and processing. It provides an ideal platform for engineers, technologists, and operations personnel working in the natural gas industry to get a better understanding of any special requirements for optimal design and operations of natural gas transmission pipelines and processing plants.
Key featuresPetroleum Engineers, Pipeline Engineers, Chemical Engineers, any engineer working with natural gas
Table of contentsEndorsements for the Second
Preface to the Second Edition
Authors Biographical Sketches
Chapter 1. Natural Gas Fundamentals
1.2 Natural Gas History
1.3 Natural Gas Origin and Sources
1.4 Natural Gas Composition and Classification
1.5 Natural Gas Phase Behavior
1.6 Natural Gas Properties
1.7 Natural Gas Reserves
1.8 Natural Gas Exploration and Production
1.9 Natural Gas Transportation
1.10 Dynamics of Global Gas Business
Chapter 2. Natural Gas Energy Pricing
2.2 Energy Pricing, Supply, and Demand
2.3 Sustainability and the Increasing Fascination with Natural Gas
2.4 Is Natural Gas Always “Nonrenewable”?
2.5 U.S. Natural Gas: Pricing, Markets, Risk Management, and Supply
2.6 Natural Gas in Eurasia: the Special Position of Post-Soviet Russia
2.7 Looking to Nature for a New Model
Chapter 3. Raw Gas Transmission
3.2 Multiphase Flow Terminology
3.3 Multiphase Flow Regimes
3.4 Determining Multiphase Flow Design Parameters
3.5 Predicting Temperature Profile of Multiphase Pipelines
3.6 Velocity Criteria for Sizing Multiphase Pipelines
3.7 Multiphase Pipeline Operations
3.8 Multiphase Flow Assurance
Chapter 4. Basic Concepts of Natural Gas Processing
4.2 Scope of Natural Gas Processing
4.3 Typical Setup of Gas Processing Plants
4.4 Finding the Best Gas Processing Route
Chapter 5. Phase Separation
5.2 Gravity Separators
5.3 Multistage Separation
5.4 Centrifugal Separators
5.5 Twister Supersonic Separator
5.6 Slug Catchers
5.7 High-Efficiency Liquid-Gas Coalescers
5.8 High-Efficiency Liquid–Liquid Coalescers
Chapter 6. Condensate Stabilization
6.2 Stabilization Processes
6.3 Condensate Storage
Chapter 7. Natural Gas Sweetening
7.2 Gas Sweetening Processes
7.3 Liquid-Phase Processes
7.4 Dry-Bed Processes
7.6 Cryogenic Fractionation
7.7 Other Processes
7.8 Process Selection
Chapter 8. Sulfur Recovery and Handling
8.2 Sulfur Properties
8.3 Sulfur Recovery
8.4 Tail Gas Treating
8.5 Sulfur Degassing
8.6 Sulfur Storage and Handling
8.7 Sulfur Disposal by Acid Gas Injection
Chapter 9. Natural Gas Dehydration
9.2 Water Content Determination
9.3 Glycol Dehydration
9.4 Solid Desiccant Dehydration
9.5 Process Selection
Chapter 10. Natural Gas Liquids Recovery
10.2 NGL Recovery Processes
10.3 NGL Fractionation
10.4 Liquids Processing
Chapter 11. Natural Gas Compression
11.2 Reciprocating Compressors
11.3 Centrifugal Compressors
11.4 Comparison Between Compressors
11.5 Compressor Selection
11.6 Thermodynamics of Gas Compression
11.7 Real Gas Behavior and Equations of State
11.8 Compression Ratio
11.9 Compression Design
11.10 Compressor Control
11.11 Compressor Performance Maps
11.12 Example for Operating a Compressor in a Pipeline System
Chapter 12. Sales Gas Transmission
12.2 Gas Flow Fundamentals
12.3 Predicting Gas Temperature Profile
12.4 Transient Flow in Gas Transmission Pipelines
12.5 Compressor Stations and Associated Pipeline Installations
12.6 Design Considerations of Sales Gas Pipelines
12.7 Pipeline Operations
Chapter 13. Selecting the Best Gas Processing Route
13.2 Proposed Technologies for Designing Gas Processing Plants
13.3 Proposed Process Treating Lineups
Chapter 14. Process Control Fundamentals
14.2 Dynamic Process Characteristics
14.3 Closed-Loop Control
14.4 Control Loop Tuning
Chapter 15. Process Modeling in the Natural Gas Processing Industry
15.2 Modeling and Identification Techniques
15.3 Artificial Intelligence and Knowledge-Based Systems
15.4 Implementing a Knowledge-Based System
15.5 Modeling Dynamic Systems
15.6 Artificial Neural Network Application
15.7 Time Series Models
15.8 State-Space Models
15.9 Process Simulation
Chapter 16. Gas Processing Plant Controls and Automation
16.2 Early Methods of Gas Plant Automation
16.3 Microprocessor-Based Automation
16.4 Control of Equipment and Process Systems
16.5 Automation Applications
16.6 Condensate Stabilizer Case Study
Chapter 17. Dynamic Simulation of Gas Processing Plants
17.2 Areas of Application of Dynamic Simulation
17.3 Modeling Considerations
17.4 Control of Equipment and Process Systems
17.5 Case Study I: Analysis of a Fuel Gas System Start-up
17.6 Case Study II: Online Dynamic Model of a Trunk Pipeline
Chapter 18. Real-Time Optimization of Gas Processing Plants
18.2 Real-Time Optimization
18.3 Real-Time Optimization Project Considerations
18.4 Example of Real-Time Optimization
Chapter 19. Environmental Aspects of the Natural Gas Supply Chain
19.2 Atmospheric Impacts
19.4 Terrestrial and Ecological Impacts
19.5 Noise Impact
19.6 Other Environmental Impacts of Natural Gas Processing
19.7 Regulatory Framework
19.8 Performance Indicators and Monitoring
19.9 Environmental Impact Assessement of Natural Gas Production and Processing
19.10 Waste Minimization and Pollution Prevention in Gas Processing Operations
Chapter 20. Maximizing Profitability of Gas Plant Assets
20.2 The Performance Strategy: Integrated Gas Plant
20.3 Strategies for Organizational Behavior and Information
20.4 Organizational Behavior Model
20.5 The Successful Information Strategy
20.6 The Impact of Living with Information Technology
20.7 Vision of the Modern Plant Operation
20.8 Operations Strategy
20.9 Model-Based Asset Management
20.11 Industrial Relevance
20.12 The Technology Integration Challenge
20.13 Scientific Approach
20.14 Other Miscellaneous Initiatives
Chapter 21. Gas Plant Project Management
21.2 Project Management Overview
21.3 Industry Perspective
21.4 The Project Management Process
21.5 Project Controls
21.6 Quality Assurance
21.7 Commissioning and Start-up
21.8 Operate and Evaluate
21.9 Project Closeout
APPENDIX 1. Three-Phase Flash Calculation for Hydrocarbon Systems Containing Water
APPENDIX 2. Conversion Factors
APPENDIX 3. Physical Properties of Fluids
APPENDIX 4. Glossary
Product details No. of pages : 828 Language : English Edition : 2 Published : July 2, 2012 Imprint : Gulf Professional Publishing Hardback ISBN : 9780123869142 eBook ISBN : 9780123869753 About the authorsDr. Saeid Mokhatab is an internationally renowned process expert in the fields of natural gas transmission and processing. Over the past two decades, he has been actively involved in different phases of several large-scale projects in the natural gas midstream sector, from conceptual design through facilities startup and operational support. He has also provided consulting services and expert guidance to a number of pioneering technology-based and operating companies in Canada and Europe. He has made significant contributions to his areas of expertise through four reference books (published by Elsevier in the USA) and more than 300 technical papers, many of which have been coauthored with leading experts from the largest international engineering companies and prominent process licensors. To bridge the gap between engineering and the science of natural gas, he founded Elsevier’s peer-reviewed “Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering” which has become a leading publication in the field. He has been an editorial contributor for the 14th edition of the GPSA Engineering Data Book, and has served on the editorial or advisory boards of several other notable publications pertaining to the midstream business. He is a lifetime member of the Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE), and has served that organization in various capacities, including as a board member of the London Section. He has also been active in other professional organizations, including the Gas Processors Association Europe (GPAE) and the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). He has delivered several invited lectures and short courses for both commercial and academic institutions, and has served on the technical program and advisory committees of many acclaimed midstream gas conferences worldwide. He has received several international awards for his outstanding work and has been featured in a number of prestigious biographical directories.
Affiliations and expertise Consultant - Natural Gas Midstream Industry, NorwayWilliam A. “Bill” Poe is a Senior Principal Technical Consultant at AVEVA, the United States. He has over 35 years of international business and industrial experience in design, operations and project management of gas processing plants with a special focus on automation, multivariable predictive control (MPC), advanced process control (APC), optimization design and implementation, and real-time performance monitoring. Bill started his career at Shell Oil Company, USA, in 1981, working over a decade in natural gas processing plants operations and engineering as well as management of multimillion-dollar projects. In 1993, he joined Continental Controls to lead the process engineering department in support of executing contracts with the Gas Research Institute, USA, where he developed new multivariable control applications in the natural gas industry. After joining GE as part of the Continental Controls acquisition, he became vice president of this division of GE where his responsibilities included direction of product development, projects, technical sales support, and customer service for multivariable control and optimization applications in the natural gas industry. In 2001, Bill joined Invensys Process Systems, USA, where he has developed APC and Optimization Master Plans for international companies such as Saudi Aramco, ADNOC, Statoil, and PDVSA, as well as automation and advanced process control feasibility studies for over 100 natural gas processing plants worldwide. After Schneider Electric acquired Invensys Process Systems in 2014 and merged its software division with AVEVA in 2018, he has continued to work with the top gas processing companies. Bill is an Associate Editor of the Journal of Natural Gas Science & Engineering, has authored or co-authored more than 60 technical papers, and made numerous technical presentations at prestigious international conferences. He received the GE Innovators Award in 1999 and attained the Invensys Circle of Excellence in 2011.
